The advantage to layering, of course, is that when working hard and starting to overheat, you can simply take off an insulating layer (usually a fleece jacket or vest), replace your windproof shell, and you’re on your way. When inactive and cooling down, you can replace the insulating layer.
Types of Layers
Below we list the different types of layers, which can be used in combination with each other to reach the ideal effect for the season, environment, and activity you are pursuing. These layers work together to achieve the four goals of wicking moisture, trapping in heat, insulating from cold, and blocking wind and weather.
Underlayer:
- Two pairs liner socks (thin, quick-drying)
- liner gloves
- Synthetic underpants
- Synthetic long underwear tops and bottoms
Insulating layer 1:
- Thick insulating socks (one pair per day)
- Synthetic pants
- Synthetic shirt
Insulating layer 2:
- heavy gloves or mittens (mittens conserve heat better); plus extra pair in case one is lost
- Fleece pants
- Fleece vest
Outer layer:
- Down jacket, preferably with waterproof/breathable outer material
- Shell pants, waterproof/breathable
- Shell jacket with hood, waterproof/breathable
- neck gaiter or scarf
- shell mittens of waterproof/breathable material
- hat (fleece or wool)
- brimmed cap for warm, sunny days
- boots, waterproof and roomy enough for thick socks and toe-wiggling to prevent frostbite
- gaiters
- goggles (for wind and snow)
- sunglasses, sunscreen and lip balm with sunblock
